一、前言
RabbitMQ 的模式介绍可以看看笔者写的这篇文章《RabbitMQ 工作模式介绍》
二、整合 RabbitMQ
2.1 添加依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency>
2.2 添加配置
spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.2.101 spring.rabbitmq.port=5672 spring.rabbitmq.username=admin spring.rabbitmq.password=admin
2.3 配置类
AmqpConfirguration.java
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
/**
* 配置类：
*/
@Configuration
public class AmqpConfirguration {
private final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
@Value("${spring.rabbitmq.host}")
private String host;
@Value("${spring.rabbitmq.port}")
private int port;
@Value("${spring.rabbitmq.username}")
private String username;
@Value("${spring.rabbitmq.password}")
private String password;
@Bean
public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory(host,port);
connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
connectionFactory.setPublisherConfirms(true);
return connectionFactory;
}
@Bean
@Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
//必须是prototype类型
public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate() {
RabbitTemplate template = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory());
return template;
}
//=============简单、工作队列模式===============
public static final String SIMPLE_QUEUE = "simple_queue";
@Bean
public Queue queue() {
return new Queue(SIMPLE_QUEUE, true);
}
//===============发布/订阅模式============
public static final String PS_QUEUE_1 = "ps_queue_1";
public static final String PS_QUEUE_2 = "ps_queue_2";
public static final String FANOUT_EXCHANGE = "fanout_exchange";
@Bean
public Queue psQueue1() {
return new Queue(PS_QUEUE_1, true);
}
@Bean
public Queue psQueue2() {
return new Queue(PS_QUEUE_2, true);
}
@Bean
public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {
return new FanoutExchange(FANOUT_EXCHANGE);
}
@Bean
public Binding fanoutBinding1() {
return BindingBuilder.bind(psQueue1()).to(fanoutExchange());
}
@Bean
public Binding fanoutBinding2() {
return BindingBuilder.bind(psQueue2()).to(fanoutExchange());
}
//===============路由模式============
public static final String ROUTING_QUEUE_1 = "routing_queue_1";
public static final String ROUTING_QUEUE_2 = "routing_queue_2";
public static final String DIRECT_EXCHANGE = "direct_exchange";
@Bean
public Queue routingQueue1() {
return new Queue(ROUTING_QUEUE_1, true);
}
@Bean
public Queue routingQueue2() {
return new Queue(ROUTING_QUEUE_2, true);
}
@Bean
public DirectExchange directExchange() {
return new DirectExchange(DIRECT_EXCHANGE);
}
@Bean
public Binding directBinding1() {
return BindingBuilder.bind(routingQueue1()).to(directExchange()).with("user");
}
@Bean
public Binding directBinding2() {
return BindingBuilder.bind(routingQueue2()).to(directExchange()).with("order");
}
//===============主题模式============
public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE_1 = "topic_queue_1";
public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE_2 = "topic_queue_2";
public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE_3 = "topic_queue_3";
public static final String TOPIC_EXCHANGE = "topic_exchange";
@Bean
public Queue topicQueue1() {
return new Queue(TOPIC_QUEUE_1, true);
}
@Bean
public Queue topicQueue2() {
return new Queue(TOPIC_QUEUE_2, true);
}
@Bean
public Queue topicQueue3() {
return new Queue(TOPIC_QUEUE_3, true);
}
@Bean
public TopicExchange topicExchange() {
return new TopicExchange(TOPIC_EXCHANGE);
}
@Bean
public Binding topicBinding1() {
return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue1()).to(topicExchange()).with("user.add");
}
@Bean
public Binding topicBinding2() {
return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue2()).to(topicExchange()).with("user.#");
}
@Bean
public Binding topicBinding3() {
return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue1()).to(topicExchange()).with("test.#");
}
}2.4 消息生产者
AmqpSender.java
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* 消息生产者
*/
@Component
public class AmqpSender {
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
/**
* 简单模式发送
*
* @param message
*/
public void simpleSend(String message) {
this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(AmqpConfirguration.SIMPLE_QUEUE, message);
}
/**
* 发布/订阅模式发送
*
* @param message
*/
public void psSend(String message) {
this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(AmqpConfirguration.FANOUT_EXCHANGE, "", message);
}
/**
* 路由模式发送
*
* @param message
*/
public void routingSend(String routingKey, String message) {
this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(AmqpConfirguration.DIRECT_EXCHANGE, routingKey, message);
}
/**
* 主题模式发送
*
* @param routingKey
* @param message
*/
public void topicSend(String routingKey, String message) {
this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_EXCHANGE, routingKey, message);
}
}2.5 消息消费者
AmqpReceiver.java
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* 消息消费者
*/
@Component
public class AmqpReceiver {
//使@RabbitListener 注解监听消息。
/**
* 简单模式接收
*
* @param message
*/
@RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.SIMPLE_QUEUE)
public void simpleReceive1(String message) {
System.out.println("接收消息1:" + message);
}
@RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.SIMPLE_QUEUE)
public void simpleReceive2(String message) {
System.out.println("接收消息2:" + message);
}
/**
* 发布/订阅模式接收
*
* @param message
*/
@RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.PS_QUEUE_1)
public void psReceive1(String message) {
System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.PS_QUEUE_1 + "接收消息:" + message);
}
@RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.PS_QUEUE_2)
public void psReceive2(String message) {
System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.PS_QUEUE_2 + "接收消息:" + message);
}
/**
* 路由模式接收
*
* @param message
*/
@RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.ROUTING_QUEUE_1)
public void routingReceive1(String message) {
System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.ROUTING_QUEUE_1 + "接收消息:" + message);
}
@RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.ROUTING_QUEUE_2)
public void routingReceive2(String message) {
System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.ROUTING_QUEUE_2 + "接收消息:" + message);
}
/**
* 主题模式接收
*
* @param message
*/
@RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_QUEUE_1)
public void topicReceive1(String message) {
System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_QUEUE_1 + "接收消息:" + message);
}
@RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_QUEUE_2)
public void topicReceive2(String message) {
System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_QUEUE_2 + "接收消息:" + message);
}
@RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_QUEUE_3)
public void topicReceive3(String message) {
System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_QUEUE_3 + "接收消息:" + message);
}
}2.6 测试类
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitmqApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private AmqpSender sender;
@Test
public void testSimpleSend() {
//简单模式发送
for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) {
this.sender.simpleSend("test simpleSend " + i);
}
}
@Test
public void testPsSend() {
//发布/订阅模式发送
for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) {
this.sender.psSend("test psSend " + i);
}
}
@Test
public void testRoutingSend() {
//路由模式发送
for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) {
this.sender.routingSend("order", "test routingSend " + i);
}
}
@Test
public void testTopicSend() {
//主题模式发送
for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) {
this.sender.topicSend("user.add", "test topicSend " + i);
}
}
}三、实战演练
3.1 简单模式与工作队列模式
一个消息消费者：
结果：
两个消息消费者：
结果：由两个消息消费者平均消费消息
3.2 发布/订阅模式
两个消息消费者：
结果：所有消息消费者都能收到所有信息
3.3路由模式
在AmqpConfirguration定义了“user”和"order"，在路由上绑定了routingKey为“user”与“order”两个队列
两个消息消费者：
测试：
routingKey为“order”
可以看到只有routing_queue_2收到了消息，routing_queue_2的routingKey为“order”
3.4 主题模式
在路由上绑定了三个队列，routingKey分别为“user.add”、“user.#”、“test.#”
3个消息消费者
测试：
routingKey为“user.add”
可以发现topic_queue_1和topic_queue_2都接收到了消息，而topic_queue_3没有。
因为主题模式中routingKey里的 符号 “#” 匹配一个或多个词，符号“*”匹配不多不少一个词。相当于模糊匹配，而topic_queue_3匹配不上
三、项目源码
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