Nginx负载均衡配置 服务准备配置相同的三个服务：IP:8001 、 IP:8002 、 IP:8003修改nginx配置文件vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf1.配置upstream，在 http {}里 新增 upstream 指向你启动的那三个后端服务。upstream [起一个自己容易辨识的名字:webname]{ server IP:8001; server IP:8002; server IP:8003; } 2.在 server {} 里添加一个location，并且配置 proxy_pass，（注意不要有同名的 比如已经有一个 location / 了，你再添加重启Nginx就会报错）location / { #转发到负载服务上 proxy_pass http://webname; } 完整配置如下： #user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; upstream webname{ server IP:8001; server IP:8002; server IP:8003; } server { listen 9600; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; # location / { #root html; #index index.html index.htm; #} location / { #转发到负载服务上 proxy_pass http://webname; } # location /test/api2 { # #转发到负载服务上 # proxy_pass http://webservers; # } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl; # server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} } 3.重载配置# 重新加载（要到Nginx安装目录执行） ./nginx -s reload # 重新启动服务 (如果你添加了服务) systemctl restart nginx.service /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 负载均衡配置ip_hash每个请求按访问IP的hash结果进行分配，这样每个访客就可以固定访问一个后端服务，一定程度上可以解决session问题；upstream webname { ip_hash; server IP:8001; server IP:8002; server IP:8003; } weightweight代表权重，默认为1，权重越高，被分配的客户端请求就会越多upstream webname { server IP:8001 weight=6; server IP:8002 weight=3; server IP:8003 weight=1; } fair（第三方）按后端服务器的响应时间来分配请求，响应时间短的将会被优先分配upstream webname { server IP:8001; server IP:8002; server IP:8003; fair; } url_hash按访问URL的hash结果分配。这样相同的url会被分配到同一个节点，主要为了提高缓存命中率。比如，为了提高访问性能，服务端有大量数据或者资源文件需要被缓存。使用这种策略，可以节省缓存空间，提高缓存命中率upstream webname { hash &request_uri; server IP:8001; server IP:8002; server IP:8003; } least_conn按节点连接数分配，把请求优先分配给连接数少的节点。该策略主要为了解决，各个节点请求处理时间长短不一造成某些节点超负荷的情况。upstream webname { least_conn; server IP:8001; server IP:8002; server IP:8003; }